This chapter provides the reader with the relevant technical-scientific background as well as existing related products and research, also known as the state of the art, in the field(s) of the project.

Provide here an overview of the contents (structure) of this chapter.

Domain overview

Current practices

Challenges and opportunities

These are examples of citations to books [(Thapa2019)] and [(Obayashi2020)], a chapter on a smart companion [(Reis2020)], articles on IoT [(Hamza2023)], blimps [(Mahn2006)], cloud computing [(Llorente2009)], gas emissions [(Ranjith2020)], pedestrian crossing behaviour [(Sobhani2018)], smart bicycles [(Lee2018)] and diaper moisture [(Khan2018)], and to Web resources [(android41)], [(cloudexpo2008)] and [(gartner2021)].

Commercial solutions

Open-source solutions

Research prototypes

Compare selected solutions considering the requirements of your own solution

Data sources and acquisition

Data analysis and modelling techniques

Data visualisation techniques

UI/UX approaches

Development technologies

Summary of limitations of existing solutions

Identified opportunity

Positioning of the proposed solution

Provide here the conclusions of this chapter and make the bridge to the next chapter.

Based on this study of the state of the art, the team decided to adopt the following <specify here the architecture, technique(s), material(s), component(s)> because <specify here the technical/scientific reasons>.